Kraków, Poland · 50.06°
When to plant lettuce in Kraków
The Kraków dates are calculated from the observed last spring frost — a 2016–2025 mean of 16 April — rather than from a latitude estimate or a national calendar. The frost-free season here averages 196 days.
Season anchorobserved 2016–2025
Last spring frost: 16 April · latest 11 May
First autumn frost: 29 October · earliest 4 Oct
Frost-free season: 196 days · 10 complete years
These come from the ERA5 reanalysis on a roughly 9 km grid, so they describe the area rather than your plot. A hollow, a frost pocket or an exposed site regularly runs several degrees colder, so use the cautious date for a decision you cannot undo.
Frost date estimator →Local calendar windows
The cautious column is calculated from the latest frost recorded in the period (11 May). Use it for tender crops you cannot re-sow.
The year in Kraków
What can move the date
A cool-season crop: sow every 2–3 weeks and skip high summer, when it bolts. Seed germinates poorly above 25°C, so sow late in the day and shade the row.
Final spacing: 25 × 30 cm. Soil: pH 6–7.
Direct-sow only once the soil holds 5°C or more — soil temperature decides germination, not the date.
Problems in Kraków
Each has its locally favourable conditions counted month by month, from the weather archive for this city.
Full guide: lettuce diseases and pests →